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DESCRIPTION
Motif provides an introduction to graphic user interface (GUI) programming -- all computers now employ some form of a GUI to their operating systems and other key applications. Most GUIs adhere to similar design principles. Motif can be as regarded a high level GUI toolkit that adopts and enforces common GUI design principles.
X Window provides a consistent means of graphical user interaction for UNIX/Linux workstations.
Motif provides a high level toolkit, that already has many fully featured GUI objects. For example cut and paste, multi-line text editors, file browsers, drag and drop mechanisms. Simple yet usable Motif applications can be assembled by bolting such objects together. Motif speeds up GUI program development.
The X Window system is device independent -- it can run on most common computer platforms. If there is a need for different platforms to interact together over a network, X Window might be a good way to achieve this.
You may have been using the X Window system and want to understand how the system works.
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